Introduce the hazards of battery swap station fire and preventive measures

With the rise of the battery swap industry, the battery swap station safety has also been paid attention to. Because in the battery swapping system, the continuous charging and discharging of lithium batteries will lead to a decrease in battery life and capacity.

When the process becomes extremely unstable, it can easily lead to overcharging, thermal runaway and even battery swap station fire, which has great safety risks.

1. Developments and security issues

The battery swapping station is a device used for power distribution and control, including reactive power compensation, active power compensation, power distribution station and capacitor compensation station.

It plays an important role in modern industrial and commercial applications, providing a stable distributed power supply and protecting the safe operation of the power system.

The location of the battery swap station is generally located in transportation hubs, high-end business districts, popular scenic spots, industrial parks, schools or communities.

Once a safety accident occurs, such as fire and explosion, it will inevitably cause casualties and great losses of social property. The battery swap station fire refers to the fire caused by the failure or improper operation of battery swapping station equipment.

This kind of fire accident may cause damage to equipment and threats to personnel and property, which has a serious impact on the safe and stable operation of the power system.

2. The existing protection mode of the battery swapping station

All battery compartment devices are connected in series. When a fire breaks out in any of the battery compartments, all fire extinguishing devices in the battery compartments are activated.

Although this effectively improves the spray rate, the fire extinguishing effect is general, does not have targeted protection, and has defects. In the change point station, although each battery compartment has heat dissipation holes, the opening area is not large.

Therefore, when a fire breaks out in a battery compartment and the rest of the battery compartment is sprayed, the amount of fire extinguishing medium escaping from the compartment is limited, and the fire extinguishing concentration in the electrical compartment is not high, which is of little help to the battery compartment that caught fire.

The thermal line is physically connected between each warehouse, which is equivalent to weaving a "net" that can be burned to the station, and after a single point of fire, the fire is very easy to spread to each cabin. In the case of effective single-unit protection, all cabin fire extinguishing devices are connected, which is wasteful and unnecessary.

After the fire in the battery compartment, if the electrical compartment can create an effective suppression environment, the safety protection of the entire station will be greatly improved. Cables and electrical equipment in the electrical warehouse are also at risk of fire. Fire extinguishing devices in electrical cabins are essential.

3. What are the possible causes of battery swap station fire

• Equipment failure

A battery swapping station is a system consisting of multiple electrical devices, including circuit breakers, switches, contactors, relays(charge relay), etc. These devices may malfunction during long-term operation, such as poor contact, short circuit, overload, etc.

• Improper operation

If you are not familiar with the use of equipment or operating procedures, it may lead to incorrect operation. For example, improper wiring, excessive load, etc.

• Aging equipment

In the process of long-term use, the aging of the equipment will be caused by the harsh environment and the heat during operation. This increases the probability of equipment failure.

• Battery thermal runaway

Lithium batteries are frequently charged and discharged, resulting in reduced battery capacity and reduced performance. It is easy to cause the battery to overcharge and thermal runaway, thus bursting the valve.

Continued overcharging will cause the separator inside the lithium battery to break down, causing the electrolyte to leak and release a large amount of white combustible gas.

If the wire contact is poor or there is a short circuit and an electric spark occurs, the combustible gas will ignite and cause the 12 volt 200ah lithium battery in the box to spontaneously combust.

• Electrostatic discharge

Electrostatic discharge refers to the phenomenon of electrical discharge caused by the accumulation of static electricity in electrical equipment. If there is static electricity accumulation in the battery swapping station equipment or there is no device that emits static electricity, it is easy to cause electrostatic discharge.

• External environmental factors

External environmental factors, such as high temperature, lake humidity, corrosive gases, etc., may adversely affect the operation of the battery swapping station. Increase the probability of equipment failure and fire accidents.

4. The hazard of battery swap station fire

• The device is damaged

It will cause serious damage to the equipment, and even lead to the scrapping of the equipment, causing huge economic losses to the enterprise.

• Threats to personnel

It may pose a threat to the safety of operators and nearby personnel, or even lead to casualties.

• The impact of the power system

It will lead to short-term or long-term power outages in the power system, affecting the normal production and living electricity consumption of enterprises.

• Environmental impacts

It may lead to the release of harmful substances, cause pollution to the environment, and have an impact on environmental protection.

5. How to prevent the battery swapping station from catching fire

• Regular test

Regular inspections should be carried out, including wiring inspection, insulation resistance test, overload capacity test, etc., to find and eliminate hidden dangers in the operation of the equipment in time.

• Operating procedures training

Operators should receive professional training in operating procedures, understand the use of battery swapping station equipment, safety regulations, etc., to avoid fire accidents caused by improper operation.

• Equipment maintenance

Carry out regular maintenance, including cleaning the equipment, tightening screws, preventing equipment aging, etc., to ensure that the equipment is in good operating condition.

• Environmental monitoring

Monitor the environmental conditions of the operation of the battery swapping station, including temperature, humidity, gas concentration, etc., and find out the adverse effects of environmental factors on the operation of the equipment in time.

6. Safety protection technology of TYCORUN battery swap station

On the basis of a large number of experiments, TYCORUN has explored the "multi-level protection" mode for different ignition points in the station. Its working principle is to establish three-level protection for the battery compartment, the electrical compartment and the entire station.

First, when there is a battery swap station fire, the station control system sends out an early warning signal. When the battery compartment catches fire (or in a high temperature environment), the battery compartment will first extinguish the fire and report the fire information to the station control system.

Secondly, the station control system analyzes the number of battery compartments that caught fire in real time. When the number of 12v 100ah lithium ion batteries on fire exceeds the standard, it indicates that there is a tendency for fire to spread.

At this time, the fire extinguishing device of the electric compartment acted decisively to assist the battery compartment in extinguishing the fire. Finally, the fire extinguishing device installed in the electrical warehouse is used for the overall protection of the station.

7. Conclusion

Battery swap station fire is a common electrical equipment accident that causes serious harm to equipment, personnel and the environment.

To prevent and reduce the battery swap station fire, it is necessary to conduct an in-depth analysis of the possible causes and hazards of fire accidents, formulate scientific preventive measures and emergency treatment measures, improve the safety and reliability of equipment, and realize the safe and stable operation of the power system.

At the same time, it is also very important to provide professional training to equipment operators to enhance their emergency response capabilities for fire accidents. It is hoped that through the introduction of this article, we can draw everyone's attention to the battery swap station fire and improve the attention to the safety of electrical equipment.

Related articles: battery swap station safe, battery swap station site selection, top 10 battery swap station companies